Which access control model permits access based on a user's role in an organization?

The access control model that allows access based on a user's role within an organization is Role-Based Access Control (RBAC). This model is designed to simplify management and enhance security by assigning permissions to specific roles rather than to individual users. In an RBAC system, users are assigned roles, and those roles determine what resources they can access and what actions they are allowed to perform. This is particularly effective in environments where users have similar responsibilities, as it streamlines the process of managing access rights and ensures that individuals only have access to information necessary for their job functions.

In contrast, Mandatory Access Control (MAC) enforces access control policies through a central authority that determines permissions, making it less flexible for user-specific needs. Discretionary Access Control (DAC) allows users to set their own permissions on the resources they own, which can lead to inconsistencies in security. Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) uses attributes (such as user attributes, resource attributes, and environmental attributes) to determine access rights, which can be more granular but also more complex to manage.

In summary, Role-Based Access Control's focus on roles within an organization makes it an effective and manageable way to enforce access controls aligned with organizational structure and job functions.