Which kind of malware provides an attacker with administrative control over a target computer through a backdoor?

The type of malware that provides an attacker with administrative control over a target computer through a backdoor is a Remote Access Trojan, often abbreviated as RAT. This kind of malware is specifically designed to enable an attacker to gain remote access to a computer, allowing them to perform actions such as stealing sensitive information, monitoring user activity, or controlling the system without the user's knowledge.

What makes RATs particularly dangerous is their ability to bypass traditional security measures by exploiting trusted software channels or by masquerading as legitimate applications. Once the RAT is installed, the attacker can execute commands, manipulate files, or even use the target's webcam and microphone, all while remaining undetected.

In contrast, other types of malware serve different purposes. Crypto-malware primarily encrypts files on the victim's system and demands ransom for decryption, rather than providing administrative access. Potentially unwanted programs (PUPs) may be annoying or intrusive but typically do not grant full control to an attacker. A Trojan horse can also deliver a backdoor but is a broader term that encompasses any malicious software disguised as legitimate software, without necessarily being specifically designed for remote access. Thus, the Remote Access Trojan is the most accurate answer for this particular question, as it directly signifies the granting of administrative control